一：什么是主语?主语怎么用?请往下看，一目了然。

主语表明这句话说的是谁和什么，主语主要由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词，短语或从句充当。

1:名词作主语的情况

David arrived last night. 大卫昨晚到达。

Pride goes before a fall. 骄必败。

2:代词作主语的情况。

Who is speaking, please? （在电话中）请问您是谁？

That's OK. 这没问题。

3:数词作主语的情况

Two will be enough. 两个就够了。

Two-thirds of the workers are women. 三分之二的工人是女工。

4: 动名词形式作主语

Skating is good for health.溜冰对身体好。

5:不定式作主语

To be an actor is my dream.成为演员是我的梦想。

6:名词化的形容词作主语

The unemployed usually lead a hard life.

失业的人生活一般很困难。

7:短语作主语

How to do well is an important question.

如何把这件事做好是一个重要问题。

Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy.

早睡早起身体好。

8:从句作主语

Whether we'll go depends on the weather.

我们是否去要看天气。

二：谓语，谓语是什么呢?谓语怎么用?

谓语说明主语的动作或状态。谓语动词一般在主语之后。有时态的变化。常和情态动词，助动词，各种时态一起构成谓语。

Some children asked for cold drinks.

有些孩子要喝冷饮。

I shall go to see him tomorrow.

明天我要去看他。

I must ask her to teach me to swim.

我一定得请她教我游泳。

三：宾语

宾语一般用在及物动词的后面，表示行为动词所涉及的对象。

1:名词作宾语

Show your ID card, please.

请出示身份证。

2:代词作宾语

He didn't say anything.

他什么也没说。

3: 数词作宾语

How many do you want? - I want two.

你要几个？－ 我要两个。

4:名词化的形容词作宾语

They sent the injured to hospital.

他们把伤员送到医院。

5:不定式或ing形式作宾语

The asked to see my passport.

他们要求看我的护照。

I enjoy working with you.

我和你们一道工作很愉快。

6:从句作宾语

Did you write down what he said?

你把他的话记下了没有？

四：表语

表语是用来说明主语的身份、特征和状态的，它常位于联系动词（be, become, appear, seem等）之后。意思是：是什么，怎么样。

1:名词作表语

He is a boss

2:代词作表语

The book is mine.

3:形容词作表语

I feel much better today.

4:数词作表语

She was the first to learn about it.

5:不定式或ing形式作表语

Her job is selling computers.

Our next step is to sleep well.

6:介词短语作表语

The patient is out of danger.

7:副词作表语

The sun is up

I must be off now.

8:从句作表语

This is what he said.

定语相当于汉语里的形容词，起修饰作用。

1:形容词作定语

He's a tall man.

2:名词作定语

There are a lot of banana trees .（banana）

3:数词作定语

Three people watched the game

4:限定词作定语

Many men are working there.

5:ing形式作定语

There is a swimming pool near our school.

6:ed分词作定语

frozen food 冷冻食品

fallen leaves 落叶

六：状语：

状语用来修饰动词，形容词，句子，表示时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，程度等。

1:副词作状语

Don't drive so fast.

2:介词短语作地点状语

We live in Hangzhou.

3:名词作状语

The meeting lasted an hour.

七：接在动词之后对主语起着解释或描述作用的成分，叫作主补。

1:形容词作主补

They married young.

他们结婚时还年轻。

He died happy.

他怀着幸福的心情死去。

No man is born wise.

没有生而知之。

2:ed分词作主补

He came in drunk.

他走进来的时候醉醺醺的。

3:名词作主补

He died a poor man.

他死时很穷。

He died a millionaire.

他死的时候是个百万富翁。

八:宾补

适用宾补的句型：

主语+谓语+宾语+宾补（S+V+O+OC）

宾补对宾语加以解释或描述。

以下成分可以充当宾补：名词，代词，形容词，副词，ing形式，ed分词，不定式，介词短语，名词性从句。

1:名词作宾补

I consider him a gentleman.

2:代词作宾补

Whom do you think me?

（Whom是宾补）

3:形容词作宾补

Wash your hands clean.

4:副词作宾补

I found him out.

5:ing形式作宾补

They left me wait.

6:ed分词作宾补

I heard my name called.

7:不定式作宾补

I thought him to be a good man.

8:介词短语作宾补

Make yourself at home.

9:名词性从句作宾补

His wife has made him what he is.

学会学习，学会总结，我是湖北小高，谢谢阅读。